Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt), stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici (Pst), and stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp.tritici (Pgt) are major diseases to wheat production globally.Host resistance is the most suitable approach to manage these fungal pathogens.We investigated the phenotypic and genotypic structur
The propulsion shaft system is one of the essential parts of the ships due to its reliability and stabilization directly affecting the safety in operation.The propulsion system transmits the torque generated by the engine to the propeller via the main shaft.During its navigation, torsional, longitudinal, and transversal vibrations inevitably occur,
The stalk-eyed flies (Diopsidae, Diptera) are a family of approximately 100 species of calypterate dipterans, characterised by extended head capsules.Species within the family have previously been shown to possess six subfamilies of mariner transposons, with nucleotide substitution patterns suggesting that at least two subfamilies are currently Goa
Highly accurate measurements of infrared systems cannot be achieved without precise radiometric calibrations.In order to correctly interpret and process infrared images and monitor the performance of infrared cameras, their radiometric calibration is also required periodically.In this paper, an equivalent calibration method is proposed based on an